M'zaka zaposachedwapa, chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo watsopano, kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zotsukira mpweya kwakhala kukuchitika zinthu zatsopano komanso kukonzedwanso kosalekeza, zomwe zikuyamba kukhala njira yofunika kwambiri yopangira zinthu zachitsulo zapamwamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zotsukira mpweya kumatanthauza njira zapadera zopangira zitsulo zomwe zimachitika m'malo opanda mpweya kapena malo opanda mpweya wokwanira, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo monga kusungunula, kuyeretsa, kuchotsa mpweya, ndi kukonzekera zitsulo zapadera. Kumachita gawo losasinthika pakuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito ndi chiyero cha zinthu zachitsulo.
Mu ntchito yokonza zitsulo za vacuum, pampu ya vacuum imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri yokhazikitsa ndikusunga malo ofunikira a vacuum. Mwa kutulutsa bwino mpweya ndi mpweya wina kuchokera ku zida zosungunulira, imapanga ndikusunga mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana kuyambira pa vacuum yotsika mpaka yapamwamba. Pansi pa mikhalidwe yotere, mpweya woipa monga mpweya, nayitrogeni, ndi haidrojeni umachotsedwa bwino, zomwe zimaletsa zotsatira zoyipa monga okosijeni ndi kuyamwa kwa haidrojeni kutentha kwambiri, motero zimakulitsa kwambiri chiyero ndi kuchuluka kwa zitsulo. Kuphatikiza apo, malo osungira vacuum amalola kuwongolera molondola kayendedwe ka zochita za zitsulo, kukonza njira zochitira, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a kusungunulira ndi kusinthasintha kwa zinthu.
Komabe, kusintha kwa kutentha kwambiri kwa zitsulo nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa zinthu zosafunika monga fumbi lachitsulo, zinthu zosinthasintha, slag splatter, ndi tinthu ta oxide. Ngati zinthu zonyansazi zilowa mu vacuum pump ndi mpweya, zimatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa zinthu zolondola monga ma rotor ndi masamba, kuipitsa madzi ogwirira ntchito, ndikupangitsa kuti vacuum ichepe, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, komanso kulephera kwa zida kapena kusokoneza ntchito.
Motero,fyuluta yolowera ya vacuum pumpimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri yoteteza pa ntchitoyi. Nthawi zambiri ikayikidwa pamalo olowera pampu kapena mupaipi pakati pa chipinda chogwirira ntchito ndi pampu, imateteza bwino zinyalala zolimba ndi za aerosol. Zosefera zapamwamba kwambiri:
- Pewani tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuti tisalowe m'chipinda chopopera, zomwe zimachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa makina;
- Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza zodetsa mafuta, zomwe zimawonjezera moyo wa ntchito ya madzi ogwirira ntchito;
- Sungani magwiridwe antchito a kupopa ndi kukhazikika kwa vacuum;
- Kuchepetsa nthawi yokonza zida ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
Mwachidule, mapampu a vacuum ndi zosefera ndizofunikira kwambiri, zomwe zimadalirana mu vacuum metallurgy. Ngakhale kuti vacuum pump imapereka mlengalenga wofunikira kuti pakhale zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo, fyulutayo imatsimikizira kuti pampuyo imagwira ntchito bwino kwa nthawi yayitali. Kudzera mu ntchito yawo yogwirizana, makina a vacuum metallurgy amatha kugwira ntchito bwino, kukhazikika, komanso kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe, motero kupititsa patsogolo zinthu zachitsulo zogwira ntchito bwino.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-22-2025
