Mubikorwa byinshi bya vacuum, pompe vacuum ikora nkibintu byingenzi mugushinga no kubungabunga ibidukikije byumuvuduko muke mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda na siyanse, harimo sisitemu yo gutwikira, itanura rya vacuum, hamwe nogukora semiconductor. Muri ibyo, pompe ya vacuum ifunze amavuta ikoreshwa cyane kubera imikorere myiza yo kuvoma no kwizerwa. Ariko, mugihe cyo gukora, pompe zitanga ibicu byamavuta - uruvange rwibitonyanga byamavuta meza numwuka - iyo biramutse bitavuwe neza, bishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye kubidukikije, ubuzima, nibikorwa. Aha nihovacuum pump amavuta yama filterikugira uruhare rukomeye.
1.Amavuta yo muyunguruzi agufasha guhura nu bipimo byangiza
Ibicuruzwa biva mu mavuta biva mu bubiko bwa vacuum birimo ibice bya peteroli ya microscopique bishobora kugira uruhare mu kwanduza ikirere. Ibihugu byinshi n’uturere byinshi bifite amategeko akomeye y’ibidukikije (nka ISO 8573-1 na EPA) bigabanya imyuka y’amavuta mu bicuruzwa biva mu nganda. Akayunguruzo k'amavuta gafata neza kandi kigahuza ibyo bice byamavuta, byemeza ko umwuka mwiza, wungurujwe urekurwa mubidukikije. Mugushiraho angushungura amavuta, ibigo birashobora:
- Irinde amande agenga amategeko kubera kutubahiriza amategeko y’ibidukikije.
- Mugabanye ibirenge bya karubone mukurinda kwanduza amavuta.
- Gutezimbere ibigo bikomeza kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.
2.Amavuta Amavuta Akayunguruzo Kurinda Umwanya Wakazi
Abakozi bahuye nigicu cyamavuta barashobora guhura nibibazo byubuhumekero, kurwara uruhu, hamwe nubuzima bwigihe kirekire. Uwitekaamavuta yo muyunguruziibi bice byangiza, bitezimbere cyane ubwiza bwakazi bwakazi. Inyungu zirimo:
- Kurinda abakozi guhumeka amavuta ya aerosole, kugabanya ingaruka zubuzima bwakazi.
- Kurinda amagorofa anyerera aterwa nigicu cyamavuta gutura hejuru, bityo bikagabanya ingaruka zimpanuka.
- Kubungabunga ahantu hasukuye hasukuye, hakenewe cyane cyane inganda nka farumasi no gutunganya ibiryo.
3.Amavuta yo muyunguruzi arinda ibicuruzwa, inzira n'ibikoresho
Mu nganda zisobanutse nka optique, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, n’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi, ndetse n’amavuta yanduye ashobora kwangiza ibicuruzwa byoroshye. Akayunguruzo k'amavuta yemeza ko:
- Nta bisigazwa bya peteroli bibangamira ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa mugihe cyimyuka.
- Ubushakashatsi burakomeje muri laboratoire yubushakashatsi aho kwanduza bishobora kugabanya ibisubizo.
- Kuramba kw'ibikoresho birabikwa mukurinda amavuta kugabanuka kubintu bikomeye.
4.Amavuta ya Muyunguruzo agufasha kugabanya ikoreshwa rya peteroli ya Vacuum
Imwe mu nyungu zingenzi zubukungu bwamavuta yungurura amavuta nubushobozi bwabo bwo kugarura no gukoresha amavuta ya pompe. Dore uko ikora:
- Akayunguruzo gashushanya itangazamakuru rifata molekile ziva mumazi asohoka.
- Izi molekile zihurira mubitonyanga binini bitewe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
- Amavuta yakusanyirijwe asubira mu kigega cya pompe cyangwa ikigega cyihariye cyo kugarura.
Iyi nzira irashobora kugabanya gukoresha peteroli 30-50%, biganisha kuri:
- Amafaranga yo gukora make kubera kugura peteroli.
- Kugabanya amafaranga yo guta imyanda, kuko amavuta make yatakaye kubidukikije.
- Ubuzima bwamavuta bwagutse, kuva amavuta yungurujwe akomeza kuba meza kandi neza.
A vacuum pump amavuta yibicuntabwo ari inyongera gusa - ni ikintu gikomeye cyongera kubahiriza ibidukikije, umutekano wakazi, ubwiza bwibicuruzwa, hamwe nigiciro cyiza. Mugushora imari muyungurura ubuziranenge, inganda zirashobora kugera kubikorwa bisukuye, kubahiriza amabwiriza, no kuzigama igihe kirekire, bigatuma ihitamo neza kuri sisitemu iyo ari yo yose ifunze amavuta.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-11-2025
