Ukwenziwa kwephepha kwaqala eTshayina yamandulo, kwaye iindlela zalo zaphuculwa zaza zathandwa nguCai Lun ngexesha leMpuma Han Dynasty ngaphambi kokuba zisasazeke kwihlabathi liphela. Kwiminyaka emininzi yokuguquka kwetekhnoloji, ukwenziwa kwephepha kwanamhlanje kuye kwaphuhliswa kwaba yinkqubo yemveliso ephucukileyo nezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo, equka iinkqubo ezifana nokufakwa kweekhemikhali kunye nokufakwa kweemashini.
Kwiphepha lanamhlanje, ukucocwa kwe-pulp yenye yezona nyathelo zibalulekileyo. I-pulp eyenziwe ekuqaleni inamanzi amaninzi, kwaye ukucocwa kuyimfuneko ukuze kufunyanwe ukoma okufunekayo ekucutshungulweni okulandelayo. Iimpompo ze-vacuum zidala imeko-bume yoxinzelelo olubi ukuze zisuse ngokufanelekileyo amanzi angaphezulu kwi-pulp, zinyusa kancinci umxholo wayo oqinileyo ukuze ihlangabezane neenkcukacha zobugcisa. Oku akupheleli nje ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kodwa kuqinisekisa iimpawu zomzimba kunye nomgangatho wokugqibela wephepha.
Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokukhupha amanzi, ukufuma, iziqwenga zefayibha, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo ezithwalwa yipulp zinokungena kwipompo ye-vacuum ngokuhamba komoya. Ezi zinto zingcolisayo zinokukhawulezisa ukuguguleka kunye nokubola kwezinto eziphambili zepompo (ezifana neerotor, ii-vanes, kunye nezitywini), okukhokelela ekunciphiseni amanqanaba e-vacuum, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nokusilela kwezixhobo. Ukusebenza okungazinzanga kwepompo ye-vacuum kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhupha amanzi kunye nokuhambelana komgangatho wephepha.
Ngoko ke, ukuxhobisa iimpompo ze-vacuum ngeizihluzi zegesi-ulwelokubalulekile. Izihluzi zegesi kunye nolwelo zibamba ngokufanelekileyo ukufuma, uthuli lwefayibha, kunye namasuntswana amancinci, ziwathintela ukuba angangeni kwimpompo. Oku kubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi eziphambili:
- Ukukhuselwa kwezinto eziphambili, okwandisa ubomi benkonzo yepompo ye-vacuum;
- Ukugcinwa kwamanqanaba azinzileyo e-vacuum kunye nesantya sokumpompa, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kokukhupha amanzi rhoqo;
- Ukunciphisa amazinga okusilela kunye neendleko zokugcina izinto zisebenza kakuhle, nto leyo ephucula ukuthembeka kwenkqubo;
- Umgangatho wephepha ohlala uhleli, okunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwemveliso kunye nenkunkuma.
Ngamafutshane, kwinkqubo yokukhupha amanzi kwishishini lokwenza amaphepha, indima yokusebenzisana kweepompo ze-vacuum kunye nezihluzi ibalulekile kungekuphela nje ekusebenzeni kwezixhobo zomntu ngamnye kodwa nakwindlela esebenza ngayo, uzinzo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yonke yemveliso. Ukukhetha, ukufakela, kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo kwezixhoboizihluzi zepompo ye-vacuumzizinto ezibalulekileyo kumashishini ajonge ukuphucula umgangatho, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokufezekisa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-12-2025
