Abasebenzisi bamaphampu evacuum avalwe ngowoyela kumele bajwayelene nephampu yevacuumizihlungi zenkungu yamafutha. Basiza amaphampu evacuum avale uwoyela ahlunge inkungu kawoyela ekhishiwe, engabuyisa uwoyela wepompo, yonge izindleko futhi ivikele imvelo. Kodwa ingabe uyazazi izifunda zayo ezihlukahlukene?
Isimo sokuqala "sivalekile", lapho i-isihlungi senkungu yamafuthaidinga ukushintshwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, isici sokuhlunga inkungu kawoyela sesifinyelele impilo yayo yesevisi, futhi ingaphakathi layo livinjwe udaka lukawoyela oluqoqwe isikhathi eside. Ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa into enjalo yokuhlunga inkungu kawoyela kuzobangela ukuthi iphampu yevacuum iphele kahle, futhi inkungu kawoyela izovela futhi endaweni yokukhipha umoya. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kuzobangela ukuthi i-elementi yokuhlunga iqhume futhi ibangele nokuqhuma kwepompo ye-vacuum. Ngakho-ke, uma isici sesihlungi senkungu kawoyela sesifinyelele impilo yaso yesevisi, isici esisha sesihlungi senkungu kawoyela kufanele sishintshwe ngokushesha.
Isimo sesibili "saturation". Amakhasimende amaningi adida isimo sokugcwala kwesihlungi nesimo esivinjiwe, futhi acabange ukuthi ukugcwaliswa kwesikhala kuwukuvinjwa. Ngoba "i-saturation" isho ukuthi ayikwazi ukwamukela okuningi. Eqinisweni, "saturation" kusho ukuthi ingxenye yesihlungi senkungu kawoyela ingenelwa ngokugcwele ngamafutha epompo. Isici sesihlungi senkungu kawoyela siwukubamba inkungu yamafutha, ngakho-ke izongenwa ama-molecule kawoyela athunjiwe maduze nje ngemva kokusetshenziswa, okungukuthi, izongena esimweni sokugcwala. Isici sesihlungi senkungu kawoyela egcwele ayikwazi ngempela ukuqukatha ama-molecule kawoyela engeziwe, ngakho ama-molecule kawoyela athathiwe ahlangana ndawonye abe uketshezi lukawoyela, olulokhu luconsela ethangini likawoyela. Ngakho-ke, isimo sokugcwala empeleni yisimo esivamile sokusebenza sesihlungi senkungu kawoyela.
Eqinisweni, ambalwa amakhasimende azokhuluma ngomqondo "we-saturation", futhi amakhasimende amaningi angase angawazi lo mqondo. Iisici sokuhlungaivalwe udaka lwamafutha. Isici sokuhlunga ukucwiliswa emafutheni akusho ukuthi ngeke sisetshenziswe. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezifunda ezimbili zokuthi "saturation" kanye "nokuvalwa".
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-18-2025
