Ukwenza iphepha kwaqala eShayina lasendulo, kanti amasu alo athuthukisiwe futhi athandwa yiCai Lun ngesikhathi soBukhosi baseMpumalanga Han ngaphambi kokusabalala emhlabeni wonke. Emakhulwini eminyaka yokuvela kobuchwepheshe, ukwenza iphepha kwanamuhla kuye kwathuthuka kwaba uhlelo lokukhiqiza olusebenza ngokugcwele futhi oluzenzakalelayo, oluhlanganisa izinqubo ezifana nokugaya amakhemikhali kanye nokugaya ngomshini.
Ekwenzeni iphepha lesimanje, ukususa amanzi nge-pulp kungenye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu. I-pulp eyakhiwe ekuqaleni iqukethe inani elikhulu lamanzi, futhi ukususa amanzi kuyadingeka ukuze kufezwe ukoma okudingekayo ekucutshungulweni okulandelayo. Amaphampu e-vacuum adala indawo yokucindezela engemihle ukuze kususwe kahle amanzi angaphezulu ku-pulp, kancane kancane kwandise okuqukethwe kwayo okuqinile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezimfuneko zobuchwepheshe. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa izakhiwo zomzimba kanye nekhwalithi yokugcina yephepha.
Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokukhipha amanzi, umswakama, izingcezu zefayibha, kanye nokunye ukungcola okuthwalwa yi-pulp kungangena ku-vacuum pump ngokuhamba komoya. Lokhu kungcola kungasheshisa ukuguguleka nokugqwala kwezingxenye eziyinhloko zephampu (njengezijikelezi, ama-vane, kanye nezivalo), okuholela ekwehleni kwamazinga e-vacuum, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ngisho nokwehluleka kwemishini. Ukusebenza okungazinzile kwephampu ye-vacuum kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha amanzi kanye nokuvumelana kwekhwalithi yephepha.
Ngakho-ke, ukuhlomisa amaphampu e-vacuum ngeizihlungi zegesi noketshezikubalulekile. Izihlungi zegesi noketshezi zibamba ngempumelelo umswakama, uthuli lwefayibha, kanye nezinhlayiya ezincane, zivimbele ukungena epompo. Lokhu kunikeza izinzuzo eziningana ezibalulekile:
- Ukuvikelwa kwezingxenye eziyinhloko, okwandisa impilo yesevisi yephampu ye-vacuum;
- Ukugcinwa kwamazinga azinzile e-vacuum kanye nesivinini sokupompa, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kokukhipha amanzi;
- Ukunciphisa amazinga okwehluleka kanye nezindleko zokulungisa, okuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kohlelo;
- Ikhwalithi yephepha ehambisanayo, okunciphisa ukuguquguquka kokukhiqiza kanye nokuchitha.
Ngamafuphi, enkambisweni yokukhipha amanzi embonini yokwenza amaphepha, indima yokusebenzisana kwamaphampu e-vacuum kanye nezihlungi ibalulekile hhayi nje ekusebenzeni kwemishini ngayinye kodwa futhi nasekusebenzeni kahle, ekuzinzeni, kanye nasekusebenziseni kahle izindleko zohlelo lonke lokukhiqiza. Ukukhetha okufanele, ukufakwa, kanye nokugcinwa njalo kwe-izihlungi zephampu ye-vacuumziyizinyathelo ezibalulekile zamabhizinisi ahlose ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi, ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokufeza intuthuko esimeme.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 12-2025
