Itsindaakayunguruzo k'amavutani ingenzi cyane ku mapompo afunga peteroli, nka za pompe zizunguruka. Intego yayo ni ugutandukanya imyuka isohora amavuta n'imyuka ihumanya, kurengera ibidukikije no kugabanya ikoreshwa rya peteroli. Ariko, abakoresha benshi bahura n'ikibazo cyo kuziba kenshi kwa filter y'imyuka ihumanya ikirere—ifungwa ry'imyuka ihumanya ikirere ribaho nyuma gato yo gusimburwa, rikongera ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga kandi rigatera imyuka mibi isohora, ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa pompe, no kwangirika k'imikorere ya vapour. Nubwo hari ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera iki kibazo, impamvu ebyiri z'ingenzi zigaragara: kudafata neza imyanda aho yinjira, n'ubwiza bubi bwa peteroli cyangwa impinduka zitaragera ku gihe.
1. Kudafata neza imyanda mu gice cy'imashini ikoresha amashanyarazi
Akayunguruzo k'amavuta gakora nk'uburyo bwo gukurura amazi mu mwobo muto. Iyo ivumbi, karubone igabanutse, ingaruka z'ibikomoka ku bicuruzwa, cyangwa utundi duce tw'ingenzi twinjiye muri pompe binyuze mu nzira y'amazi, bivanga n'amavuta ya pompe, bigatera umwanda cyangwa ururenda rwinshi mu cyumba cy'ipompe. Iyo umwuka w'amavuta wuzuyemo utubumbe ugeze kuri akayunguruzo, ibintu bikomeye bihita bifunga imyenge myiza y'akayunguruzo. Ibi bituma habaho kwiyongera gukomeye k'ubudahangarwa bw'amazi kandi bigatuma ubuzima bw'akayunguruzo bugabanuka cyane.
Ibimenyetso bisanzwe:Ubuso bw'akayunguruzo buhinduka umukara cyangwa imvi yijimye kandi bukumva nk'uburibwe iyo bukozweho; umuvuduko wo gupompa uragabanuka kandi imashini ivamo umwuka irushaho kuba mibi.
Impamvu zisanzwe:Nta filter yo kwinjira yashyizweho;akayunguruzo k'ubwinjiriroifite amanota menshi cyane (urugero, ecran ikomeye gusa); akayunguruzo k'ubwinjiriro karangiritse, gafunze nabi, cyangwa ntigasimbuwe igihe kirekire; uburyo ubwabwo butanga ivumbi (nk'iyo mu kumisha ifu, gutwara, cyangwa gutera impregnation) nta gufata neza hejuru y'amazi.
Igisubizo:Shyiramo akayunguruzo k’imyobo gakwiye gafite igipimo gikwiye cyo kubika (ubusanzwe kaba hagati ya 5–10 μm cyangwa gato) hashingiwe ku bunini bw’uduce tw’umukungugu, kandi ushyireho gahunda ihoraho yo kugenzura, gusukura, cyangwa gusimbuza.
2. Ubwiza bubi bw'amavuta yo mu ipompo ya vacuum cyangwa impinduka zitajyanye n'igihe
Amavuta yo mu pompe akora imirimo myinshi: gusiga amavuta, gufunga, gukonjesha no gutwara ibintu bihumanya. Amavuta yangiritse cyangwa amavuta adahagije byongera mu buryo butaziguye ubwinshi bw'amavuta mu mwotsi, kandi uduce tw'amavuta tuba tworoshye kandi dufatana, bigatuma icyuma gifunga amavuta kirushaho kwihuta.
Ibintu bibiri byihariye:
- Ubwiza bw'amavuta atari bwiza:Gukoresha amavuta adafite ubushyuhe bwinshi, adahuye n’ubushyuhe, cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi w’umwuka; kuvanga amavuta y’ubwoko butandukanye cyangwa urwego, bigatuma habaho amazi cyangwa gel; inyongera muri ayo mavuta zikorana n’imyuka ikora ibintu bikarema ibisigazwa bikomeye.
- Guhindura amavuta ku gihe:Kwirundanya cyane kw'amazi, ibintu bishongesha, cyangwa imyanda ikomeye, bigatera emulsification cyangwa carbonization; gukora igihe kirekire nta guhindura amavuta, aho amavuta ahinduka ibara rikomeye, agakomera, cyangwa agashya; kwirengagiza ingaruka z'amasaha yo gukora cyangwa imimerere igoye (urugero, imyuka ihumanya, ivumbi ryinshi) ku buzima bwa peteroli.
Igisubizo:Koresha amavuta yavuzwe n'igitabo cy'amabwiriza ya vacuum pump kandi wirinde kuvanga amavuta atandukanye. Shyiraho gahunda ikwiye yo guhindura amavuta hashingiwe ku misoro nyayo (urugero, buri masaha 500–1000 y'akazi, cyangwa buri cyumweru/ukwezi, kandi ukomeze kugira urwego rw'amavuta mu rugero rusanzwe.
Inama zuzuye zo kuziba kenshi mu byuma bipima amavuta ya vacuum pump
- Kuyungurura mu byiciro:Kuyungurura imyobo n'ibice by'amavuta bisohora imyobo bifite intego zitandukanye kandi ntibishobora gusimbuza ibindi.
- Igenzura risanzwe:Shyiramo akayunguruzo k'amazi yinjira, imiterere y'amavuta, n'akayunguruzo k'amavuta mu igenzura rya buri munsi.
- Bika urutonde rw'ibyagusimbura:Andika itariki, amasaha yo gukora, n'imiterere y'amavuta buri gihe iyo akayunguruzo k'amavuta gasimbuwe. Ibi bifasha kumenya impamvu nyamukuru ituma habaho kuziba kenshi.
Mu gusoza, gukemura ibibazo kenshiakayunguruzo k'amavutaKuziba bisaba kureba kure y’akayunguruzo ubwako. Ugomba gutangirira ku isoko: icya mbere, kubika imyanda aho yinjira; icya kabiri, kubika amavuta ya pompe isukuye, ikwiye, kandi igahindurwa ku gihe. Iyo ibi bintu byombi byujuje ibisabwa, ubuzima bwa kayunguruzo k’amavuta bushobora gusubira uko bwakabaye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-22-2026
